With the increasing life expectation and population age due to medical progress and better general lifeconditions, including among others nutrition and housing, patients’ clinical patterns are fast moving toward greater complexity, multi-morbidity, comorbidity and chronic criticality. As a consequence health systems will have to face increasing burden and different approaches compared to the past.

We are very pleased to present the third Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Thisjournal represents the practice of neuro-rehabilitation in managing rehabilitation problems of central andperipheral nervous systems of injured patients.

Three decades have passed by that Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation has been existing in Indonesia. In this time many improvements in professional practice and education have been achieved . Indonesian physiatrists have been developing skills and knowledge regarding evidence-based medicine which is a standard of clinical practices. In line with that , many researches have been conducted all over our country especially in the educational centers of Indonesia.