Rehabilitation Assessment and Intervention to Facilitate Return to Work in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Narrative Review
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Published:
Dec 28, 2024
Keywords:
Anxiety, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Depression, Quality of Life
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD), causes significant changes in a person's life and is often accompanied by complex emotional reactions which further cause a decrease in the ability to complete work responsibilities, lower wages, and increase the risk of early dismissal. Promoting a return to work (RTW) program after CAD will improve economic burdens and the quality of life. This review aimed to explore the RTW program in CAD patients focused on the impact of CAD on the patients’ ability to back to their previous work and rehabilitation management to fulfill RTW criteria.
Methods: Articles published in the last 10 years based on PubMed and Google Scholar databases were reviewed narratively. Keywords used were “coronary artery disease”, “ischemic heart disease”, “cardiovascular disease”, “cardiac rehabilitation”, “return to work”, and “return to vocational activity”.
Results: The impact of CAD on RTW includes a decrease in the ability to RTW and work performance as well as an increase in the risk of premature dismissal. Factors that influence the RTW ability in CAD patients are sociodemographic, psychosocial, cardiovascular risk, medical history, complications during hospitalization, and clinical characteristics. Efforts to facilitate this process involve a wide range of assessments and interventions. The RTW ability can be determined through objective assessment of cardiac function, including exercise capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction, the presence or absence of comorbidities, job satisfaction, and other assessments of general well-being. Interventions aimed at promoting RTW consist of an initial CR (phase II CR) and an extended CR program.
Conclusion: The rehabilitation assessments and interventions given to patients with CAD have shown good results for RTW rates and the quality of work.
Methods: Articles published in the last 10 years based on PubMed and Google Scholar databases were reviewed narratively. Keywords used were “coronary artery disease”, “ischemic heart disease”, “cardiovascular disease”, “cardiac rehabilitation”, “return to work”, and “return to vocational activity”.
Results: The impact of CAD on RTW includes a decrease in the ability to RTW and work performance as well as an increase in the risk of premature dismissal. Factors that influence the RTW ability in CAD patients are sociodemographic, psychosocial, cardiovascular risk, medical history, complications during hospitalization, and clinical characteristics. Efforts to facilitate this process involve a wide range of assessments and interventions. The RTW ability can be determined through objective assessment of cardiac function, including exercise capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction, the presence or absence of comorbidities, job satisfaction, and other assessments of general well-being. Interventions aimed at promoting RTW consist of an initial CR (phase II CR) and an extended CR program.
Conclusion: The rehabilitation assessments and interventions given to patients with CAD have shown good results for RTW rates and the quality of work.
Article Details
How to Cite
Nazir, A., & Anggraini, G. (2024). Rehabilitation Assessment and Intervention to Facilitate Return to Work in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Narrative Review. Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 13(2), 150 - 164. https://doi.org/10.36803/indojpmr.v13i2.404
Section
Literature Review
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References
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13. Kai SHY, Ferrières J, Rossignol M, Bouisset F, Herry J, Esquirol Y. Prevalence and determinants of return to work after various coronary events: meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):15348.
14. Gragnano A, Negrini A, Miglioretti M, Corbière M. Common psychosocial factors predicting return to work after common mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers: a review of reviews supporting a cross-disease approach. J Occup Rehabil. 2018;28(2):215-31.
15. Dreyer RP, Xu X, Zhang W, Du X, Strait KM, Bierlein M, et al. Return to work after acute myocardial infarction: comparison between young women and men. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2016;9(2_suppl_1):S45-S52.
16. Jiang Z, Dreyer RP, Spertus JA, Masoudi FA, Li J, Zheng X, et al. Factors associated with return to work after acute myocardial infarction in China. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184831-e.
17. Sun W, Gholizadeh L, Perry L, Kang K. Predicting return to work following myocardial infarction: A prospective longitudinal cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(13):8032.
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20. Reibis R, Salzwedel A, Abreu A, Corra U, Davos C, Doehner W, et al. The importance of return to work: How to achieve optimal reintegration in ACS patients. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(13):1358-69.
21. Bresseleers J, De Sutter J. Return to work after acute coronary syndrome: Time for action. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(13):1355-7.
22. The British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation. The BACPR standards and core components for cardiovascular disease prevention and rehabilitation 2017. 3 ed. London: British Cardiovascular Society; 2017.
23. Mampuya WM. Cardiac rehabilitation past, present and future: an overview. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2012;2(1):38-49.
24. Mytinger M, Nelson RK, Zuhl M. Exercise prescription guidelines for cardiovascular disease patients in the absence of a baseline stress test. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2020;7(2):15.
25. FACTS-cardiac rehabilitation putting more patients on the road to recovery [Internet]. 2017 [cited 1 Oktober 2022]. Available from: https://www.heart.org/-/media/Files/About-Us/Policy-Research/Fact-Sheets/Clinical-and-Post-Clinical-Care/FACTS-Cardiac-Rehab.pdf.
26. Anderson L, Oldridge N, Thompson DR, Zwisler A-D, Rees K, Martin N, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(1):1-12.
27. Balady GJ, Williams MA, Ades PA, Bittner V, Comoss P, Foody JM, et al. Core components of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention programs: 2007 update. Circulation. 2007;115(20):8.
28. Giuliano C, Parmenter BJ, Baker MK, Mitchell BL, Williams AD, Lyndon K, et al. Cardiac rehabilitation for patients with coronary artery disease: A practical guide to enhance patient outcomes through continuity of care. Clin Med Insights: Cardiol. 2017;11:7.
29. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for exrecise testing and prescription. 10 ed. Philadelphia: Wolter Kluwers; 2018.
30. American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation. Guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs. 5th ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2013.
31. Wilder RP, Jenkins JG, Panchang P, Statuta S. Therapeutic exercise. In: Cifu DX, Kaelin DL, Kowalske KJ, Lew HL, Miller MA, Ragnarsson KT, et al., editors. Braddom’s: Physical medicine & rehabilitation. 5 ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc.; 2016. p. 321-46.
32. Taino G, Brevi M, Gazzoldi T, Imbriani M. Vocational integration of the worker suffering from ischemic heart disease: prognostic factors, occupational evaluation, and criteria for the assessment of their suitability for the specific task. G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2013;35(2):102-19.
33. Momsen A-MH, Hald K, Nielsen CV, Larsen ML. Effectiveness of expanded cardiac rehabilitation in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017;15(2):212-9.
34. Plüss CE, Billing E, Held C, Henriksson P, Kiessling A, Karlsson MR, et al. Long-term effects of an expanded cardiac rehabilitation programme after myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass surgery: a five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehabil. 2011;25(1):79-87.
35. Giannuzzi P, Temporelli PL, Marchioli R, Maggioni AP, Balestroni G, Ceci V, et al. Global secondary prevention strategies to limit event recurrence after myocardial infarction: results of the GOSPEL study, a multicenter, randomized controlled trial from the Italian Cardiac Rehabilitation Network. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(20):2194-204.
36. Frederix I, Solmi F, Piepoli MF, Dendale P. Cardiac telerehabilitation: a novel cost-efficient care delivery strategy that can induce long-term health benefits. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017;24(16):1708-17.
2. The top 10 causes of death [Internet]. The World Health Organization. 2020 [cited September 28, 2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death.
3. Khan MA, Hashim MJ, Mustafa H, Baniyas MY, Al Suwaidi SKBM, AlKatheeri R, et al. Global epidemiology of ischemic heart disease: results from the global burden of disease study. Cureus. 2020;12(7):e9349.
4. Lamberti M, Ratti G, Gerardi D, Capogrosso C, Ricciardi G, Fulgione C, et al. Work-related outcome after acute coronary syndrome: implications of complex cardiac rehabilitation in occupational medicine. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2016;29(4):649-57.
5. Khawaja IS, Westermeyer JJ, Gajwani P, Feinstein RE. Depression and coronary artery disease: the association, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Psychiatry (Edgmont). 2009;6(1):38-51.
6. Celano CM, Daunis DJ, Lokko HN, Campbell KA, Huffman JC. Anxiety disorders and cardiovascular disease. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016;18(11):101-11.
7. De Hert M, Detraux J, Vancampfort D. The intriguing relationship between coronary heart disease and mental disorders. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2022;20(1):31-40.
8. Calitz C, Pratt C, Pronk NP, Fulton JE, Jinnett K, Thorndike AN, et al. Cardiovascular health research in the workplace: A workshop report. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(17):e019016.
9. Hegewald J, Wegewitz UE, Euler U, van Dijk JL, Adams J, Fishta A, et al. Interventions to support return to work for people with coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;14(3):CD010748.
10. Karimi-Moonaghi H, Mojalli M, Khosravan S. Psychosocial complications of coronary artery disease. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16(6):e18162.
11. Tedjasukmana D. Return to work in patients with acute coronary syndrome. IndoJPMR 2017;6(02):23-4.
12. Abreu A, Mendes M, Dores H, Silveira C, Fontes P, Teixeira M, et al. Mandatory criteria for cardiac rehabilitation programs: 2018 guidelines from the Portuguese Society of Cardiology. Rev Port Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2018;37(5):363-73.
13. Kai SHY, Ferrières J, Rossignol M, Bouisset F, Herry J, Esquirol Y. Prevalence and determinants of return to work after various coronary events: meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):15348.
14. Gragnano A, Negrini A, Miglioretti M, Corbière M. Common psychosocial factors predicting return to work after common mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers: a review of reviews supporting a cross-disease approach. J Occup Rehabil. 2018;28(2):215-31.
15. Dreyer RP, Xu X, Zhang W, Du X, Strait KM, Bierlein M, et al. Return to work after acute myocardial infarction: comparison between young women and men. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2016;9(2_suppl_1):S45-S52.
16. Jiang Z, Dreyer RP, Spertus JA, Masoudi FA, Li J, Zheng X, et al. Factors associated with return to work after acute myocardial infarction in China. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(7):e184831-e.
17. Sun W, Gholizadeh L, Perry L, Kang K. Predicting return to work following myocardial infarction: A prospective longitudinal cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(13):8032.
18. Bresseleers J, De Sutter J. Return to work after acute coronary syndrome: Time for action. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(13):1355-7.
19. De Sutter J, Kacenelenbogen R, Pardaens S, Cuypers S, Dendale P, Elegeert I, et al. The role of cardiac rehabilitation in vocational reintegration Belgian working group of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation position paper. Acta Cardiol. 2020;75(5):388-97.
20. Reibis R, Salzwedel A, Abreu A, Corra U, Davos C, Doehner W, et al. The importance of return to work: How to achieve optimal reintegration in ACS patients. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(13):1358-69.
21. Bresseleers J, De Sutter J. Return to work after acute coronary syndrome: Time for action. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(13):1355-7.
22. The British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation. The BACPR standards and core components for cardiovascular disease prevention and rehabilitation 2017. 3 ed. London: British Cardiovascular Society; 2017.
23. Mampuya WM. Cardiac rehabilitation past, present and future: an overview. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2012;2(1):38-49.
24. Mytinger M, Nelson RK, Zuhl M. Exercise prescription guidelines for cardiovascular disease patients in the absence of a baseline stress test. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2020;7(2):15.
25. FACTS-cardiac rehabilitation putting more patients on the road to recovery [Internet]. 2017 [cited 1 Oktober 2022]. Available from: https://www.heart.org/-/media/Files/About-Us/Policy-Research/Fact-Sheets/Clinical-and-Post-Clinical-Care/FACTS-Cardiac-Rehab.pdf.
26. Anderson L, Oldridge N, Thompson DR, Zwisler A-D, Rees K, Martin N, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(1):1-12.
27. Balady GJ, Williams MA, Ades PA, Bittner V, Comoss P, Foody JM, et al. Core components of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention programs: 2007 update. Circulation. 2007;115(20):8.
28. Giuliano C, Parmenter BJ, Baker MK, Mitchell BL, Williams AD, Lyndon K, et al. Cardiac rehabilitation for patients with coronary artery disease: A practical guide to enhance patient outcomes through continuity of care. Clin Med Insights: Cardiol. 2017;11:7.
29. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for exrecise testing and prescription. 10 ed. Philadelphia: Wolter Kluwers; 2018.
30. American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation. Guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs. 5th ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2013.
31. Wilder RP, Jenkins JG, Panchang P, Statuta S. Therapeutic exercise. In: Cifu DX, Kaelin DL, Kowalske KJ, Lew HL, Miller MA, Ragnarsson KT, et al., editors. Braddom’s: Physical medicine & rehabilitation. 5 ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc.; 2016. p. 321-46.
32. Taino G, Brevi M, Gazzoldi T, Imbriani M. Vocational integration of the worker suffering from ischemic heart disease: prognostic factors, occupational evaluation, and criteria for the assessment of their suitability for the specific task. G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2013;35(2):102-19.
33. Momsen A-MH, Hald K, Nielsen CV, Larsen ML. Effectiveness of expanded cardiac rehabilitation in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017;15(2):212-9.
34. Plüss CE, Billing E, Held C, Henriksson P, Kiessling A, Karlsson MR, et al. Long-term effects of an expanded cardiac rehabilitation programme after myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass surgery: a five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehabil. 2011;25(1):79-87.
35. Giannuzzi P, Temporelli PL, Marchioli R, Maggioni AP, Balestroni G, Ceci V, et al. Global secondary prevention strategies to limit event recurrence after myocardial infarction: results of the GOSPEL study, a multicenter, randomized controlled trial from the Italian Cardiac Rehabilitation Network. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(20):2194-204.
36. Frederix I, Solmi F, Piepoli MF, Dendale P. Cardiac telerehabilitation: a novel cost-efficient care delivery strategy that can induce long-term health benefits. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017;24(16):1708-17.